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8: Children with Special Health Care Needs
Study Questions
- What is a communicable disease? What are some common examples?
- Why are communicable diseases of particular concern for children with severe and multiple disabilities?
- What factors may cause a child to have increased vulnerability to communicable diseases?
- What can professionals working with children with severe and multiple disabilities do to protect the children they serve and themselves from the spread of communicable diseases?
- What residential, educational, and sanitation issues may cause increased risk for communicable disease among children with severe and multiple disabilities?
- Why might a student not receive all standard vaccinations? What other precautions can be taken in this case?
- Why is it important for parents to inform teachers when their child is vaccinated?
- What role can teachers and other program staff play in the detection and treatment of communicable diseases?
- What are the three basic categories of risk requiring three different approaches to immunization?
- What is key to the control of common epidemics (e.g., lice, scabies) in the school?
- What health conditions can make a child more vulnerable to becoming infected by a communicable disease and experiencing more severe symptoms?
- Why and how should the educational and social advantages of inclusion be balanced against the potential health advantages of isolation?
- What are seizures? What is epilepsy?
- What are common causes of epilepsy?
- What is the basic mechanism of a seizure?
- According to ILAE classification, how are seizures grouped?
- When a seizure occurs, why is it better for the teacher to only observe and describe the seizure behavior, rather than try to label the seizure?
- What are some tools currently used to diagnose seizure disorders?
- What are some symptoms of a simple partial seizure?
- What are some symptoms of a complex partial seizure (CPS)
- How are primary and secondary generalized seizures different?
- What is seizure management?
- What are some tips for seizure prevention?
- What are some tips for protecting the child in case of a seizure?
- What types of first-aid measures may be required during or following a seizure?
- How is epilepsy commonly treated?
- How can epilepsy affect learning and behavior?
- What are some social implications of epilepsy?
- What is the role of the collaborative team in seizure management?
- Why are children and adults with mental retardation a high-risk group for emotional and behavioral difficulties?
- What might it be more difficult to diagnose mental disorders among children with severe and multiple disabilities?
- What are some screening and diagnostic instruments that have been developed for detecting mental illness in children and adults with mental retardation?
- What clinical phenomena specific to mental illness in mental retardation can help in diagnosis?
- What is diagnostic overshadowing?
- What four factors may influence the diagnosis of mental illness in mental retardation?
- What are the four major categories of SIB?
- What causes of SIB?
- Is SIB restricted to people with mental retardation?
- When designing a management plan for a person with SIB, what three factors should be considered?
- What types of interventions are used with SIB?
- What are some problems/risks associated with the use of restraints to manage SIB?
- What are some common classroom emergencies?
- What are some general strategies teachers and schools can use to prepare for and deal with classroom emergencies?
- Why are many children with severe and multiple disabilities at increased risk for choking/airway obstruction?
- How can choking/airway obstruction be prevented? What are signs and symptoms of choking/airway obstruction? How can choking/airway obstruction be treated?
- What are common signs of a concussion? How can a brain injury be treated?
- What poisonous materials are commonly found in schools? What prevention efforts should be practiced to avoid poisoning? What type of information should be noted in case of poisoning?
- What should be done in cases of external bleeding?
- What is the estimated prevalence of child abuse and neglect? How do these rates differ between children with and without disabilities?
- How are abuse and/or neglect related to disability and development problems?
- What factors may contribute to abuse and/or neglect?
- Why is it believed that children with disabilities are at higher risk for abuse? What is the multifactorial model of abuse?
- Why might instances of abuse be underdetected and underreported?
- What are some means of preventing abuse?
- What are some specific provisions in legislation that may serve as useful deterrents to abuse?
- What are some interventions used with victims of abuse?
- What is the collaborative team’s role in abuse detection and prevention?
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