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1: Chromosomes and Heredity: A Toss of the Dice
Study Questions
- What are the four steps of mitosis? How long does the process take? What is the rest phase between cycles termed?
- Where does meiosis occur and what is the result?
- Do most abnormalities occur during mitosis or meiosis? Why are abnormalities more likely to occur during this process? What types of abnormalities can result?
- What is the most common chromosomal abnormality that can occur in the autosomes? What is the most common chromosomal abnormality that can occur in the sex chromosomes?
- Draw and label a cell with the following parts: 1) nucleus, 2) ribosomes, 3) cytoplasm, 4) Golgi body, and 5) chromosomes. Explain what each part of the cell is responsible for.
- Describe mosaicism, translocations, and deletions. In which process (mitosis or meiosis) can each of these occur?
- Describe the difference between genotype and phenotype.
- Explain the three types of mutations that can occur during the production of specific proteins in the DNA. Why are these proteins so important?
- What is meant by “selective advantage?”
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